559
Federal Aviation Administration, DOT
§ 61.159
(i) An FAA Aviation Safety Inspec-
tor.
(ii) An Aircrew Program Designee
who is authorized to perform pro-
ficiency and/or competency checks for
the air carrier whose approved training
program has been satisfactorily com-
pleted by the pilot applicant.
(iii) A Training Center Evaluator
with appropriate certification author-
ity who is also authorized to perform
the portions of the competency and/or
proficiency checks required by para-
graph (f)(1) of this section for the air
carrier whose approved training pro-
gram has been satisfactorily completed
by the pilot applicant.
(g)
Aircraft not capable of instrument
maneuvers and procedures. An applicant
may add a type rating to an airline
transport pilot certificate with an air-
craft that is not capable of the instru-
ment maneuvers and procedures re-
quired on the practical test under the
following circumstances—
(1) The rating is limited to ‘‘VFR
only.’’
(2) The type rating is added to an air-
line transport pilot certificate that has
instrument privileges in that category
and class of aircraft.
(3) The ‘‘VFR only’’ limitation may
be removed for that aircraft type after
the applicant:
(i) Passes a practical test in that
type of aircraft on the appropriate in-
strument maneuvers and procedures in
§ 61.157; or
(ii) Becomes qualified in § 61.73(d) for
that type of aircraft.
(h)
Multiengine airplane with a single-
pilot station. An applicant for a type
rating, at the ATP certification level,
in a multiengine airplane with a sin-
gle-pilot station must perform the
practical test in the multi-seat version
of that airplane. The practical test
may be performed in the single-seat
version of that airplane if the Exam-
iner is in a position to observe the ap-
plicant during the practical test in the
case where there is no multi-seat
version of that multiengine airplane.
(i)
Single engine airplane with a single-
pilot station. An applicant for a type
rating, at the ATP certification level,
in a single engine airplane with a sin-
gle-pilot station must perform the
practical test in the multi-seat version
of that single engine airplane. The
practical test may be performed in the
single-seat version of that airplane if
the Examiner is in a position to ob-
serve the applicant during the prac-
tical test in the case where there is no
multi-seat version of that single engine
airplane.
(j)
Waiver authority. An Examiner
who conducts a practical test may
waive any task for which the FAA has
provided waiver authority.
[Doc. No. FAA–2006–26661, 74 FR 42560, Aug.
21, 2009; Amdt. 61–124A, 74 FR 53647, Oct. 20,
2009; Amdt. 61–130, 78 FR 42375, July 15, 2013]
§ 61.158
[Reserved]
§ 61.159
Aeronautical experience: Air-
plane category rating.
(a) Except as provided in paragraphs
(b), (c), and (d) of this section, a person
who is applying for an airline transport
pilot certificate with an airplane cat-
egory and class rating must have at
least 1,500 hours of total time as a pilot
that includes at least:
(1) 500 hours of cross-country flight
time.
(2) 100 hours of night flight time.
(3) 50 hours of flight time in the class
of airplane for the rating sought. A
maximum of 25 hours of training in a
full flight simulator representing the
class of airplane for the rating sought
may be credited toward the flight time
requirement of this paragraph if the
training was accomplished as part of
an approved training course in parts
121, 135, 141, or 142 of this chapter. A
flight training device or aviation train-
ing device may not be used to satisfy
this requirement.
(4) 75 hours of instrument flight time,
in actual or simulated instrument con-
ditions, subject to the following:
(i) Except as provided in paragraph
(a)(4)(ii) of this section, an applicant
may not receive credit for more than a
total of 25 hours of simulated instru-
ment time in a full flight simulator or
flight training device.
(ii) A maximum of 50 hours of train-
ing in a full flight simulator or flight
training device may be credited toward
the instrument flight time require-
ments of paragraph (a)(4) of this sec-
tion if the training was accomplished
in a course conducted by a training
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14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition)
§ 61.159
center certificated under part 142 of
this chapter.
(iii) Training in a full flight simu-
lator or flight training device must be
accomplished in a full flight simulator
or flight training device, representing
an airplane.
(5) 250 hours of flight time in an air-
plane as a pilot in command, or as sec-
ond in command performing the duties
of pilot in command while under the
supervision of a pilot in command, or
any combination thereof, subject to
the following:
(i) The flight time requirement must
include at least—
(A) 100 hours of cross-country flight
time; and
(B) 25 hours of night flight time.
(ii) Except for a person who has been
removed from flying status for lack of
proficiency or because of a disciplinary
action involving aircraft operations, a
U.S. military pilot or former U.S. mili-
tary pilot who meets the requirements
of § 61.73(b)(1), or a military pilot in the
Armed Forces of a foreign contracting
State to the Convention on Inter-
national Civil Aviation who meets the
requirements of § 61.73(c)(1), may credit
flight time in a powered-lift aircraft
operated in horizontal flight toward
the flight time requirement.
(6) Not more than 100 hours of the
total aeronautical experience require-
ments of paragraph (a) of this section
or § 61.160 may be obtained in a full
flight simulator or flight training de-
vice provided the device represents an
airplane and the aeronautical experi-
ence was accomplished as part of an ap-
proved training course in parts 121, 135,
141, or 142 of this chapter.
(b) A person who has performed at
least 20 night takeoffs and landings to
a full stop may substitute each addi-
tional night takeoff and landing to a
full stop for 1 hour of night flight time
to satisfy the requirements of para-
graph (a)(2) of this section; however,
not more than 25 hours of night flight
time may be credited in this manner.
(c) A commercial pilot may log sec-
ond-in-command pilot time toward the
aeronautical experience requirements
of paragraph (a) of this section and the
aeronautical experience requirements
in § 61.160, provided the pilot is em-
ployed by a part 119 certificate holder
authorized to conduct operations under
part 135 of this chapter and the second-
in-command pilot time is obtained in
operations conducted for the certifi-
cate holder under part 91 or 135 of this
chapter when a second pilot is not re-
quired under the type certification of
the aircraft or the regulations under
which the flight is being conducted,
and the following requirements are
met—
(1) The experience must be accom-
plished as part of a second-in-command
professional development program ap-
proved by the Administrator under
§ 135.99 of this chapter;
(2) The flight operation must be con-
ducted in accordance with the certifi-
cate holder’s operations specification
for the second-in-command profes-
sional development program;
(3) The pilot in command of the oper-
ation must certify in the pilot’s log-
book that the second-in-command pilot
time was accomplished under this sec-
tion; and
(4) The pilot time may not be logged
as pilot-in-command time even when
the pilot is the sole manipulator of the
controls and may not be used to meet
the aeronautical experience require-
ments in paragraph (a)(5) of this sec-
tion.
(d) A commercial pilot may log the
following flight engineer flight time
toward the 1,500 hours of total time as
a pilot required by paragraph (a) of this
section and the total time as a pilot re-
quired by § 61.160:
(1) Flight-engineer time, provided the
time—
(i) Is acquired in an airplane required
to have a flight engineer by the air-
plane’s flight manual or type certifi-
cate;
(ii) Is acquired while engaged in oper-
ations under part 121 of this chapter for
which a flight engineer is required;
(iii) Is acquired while the person is
participating in a pilot training pro-
gram approved under part 121 of this
chapter; and
(iv) Does not exceed more than 1 hour
for each 3 hours of flight engineer
flight time for a total credited time of
no more than 500 hours.
(2) Flight-engineer time, provided the
flight time—
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§ 61.160
(i) Is acquired as a U.S. Armed
Forces’ flight engineer crewmember in
an airplane that requires a flight engi-
neer crewmember by the flight manual;
(ii) Is acquired while the person is
participating in a flight engineer crew-
member training program for the U.S.
Armed Forces; and
(iii) Does not exceed 1 hour for each
3 hours of flight engineer flight time
for a total credited time of no more
than 500 hours.
(e) An applicant who credits time
under paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) of this
section is issued an airline transport
pilot certificate with the limitation,
‘‘Holder does not meet the pilot in
command aeronautical experience re-
quirements of ICAO,’’ as prescribed
under Article 39 of the Convention on
International Civil Aviation.
(f) An applicant is entitled to an air-
line transport pilot certificate without
the ICAO limitation specified under
paragraph (e) of this section when the
applicant presents satisfactory evi-
dence of having met the ICAO require-
ments under paragraph (e) of this sec-
tion and otherwise meets the aero-
nautical experience requirements of
this section.
[Doc. No. 25910, 62 FR 16298, Apr. 4, 1997, as
amended by Amdt. 61–103, 62 FR 40906, July
30, 1997; Amdt. 61–104, 63 FR 20288, Apr. 23,
1998; Amdt. 61–109, 68 FR 54560, Sept. 17, 2003;
Amdt. 61–124, 74 FR 42561, Aug. 21, 2009;
Amdt. 61–130, 78 FR 42375, July 15, 2013;
Admt. 61–130A, 78 FR 44874, July 25, 2013;
Amdt. 61–130B, 78 FR 77573, Dec. 24, 2013;
Amdt. 61–142, 83 FR 30278, June 27, 2018;
Amdt. Nos. 61–150, 87 FR 57590, Sept. 21, 2022]
§ 61.160
Aeronautical experience—air-
plane category restricted privileges.
(a) Except for a person who has been
removed from flying status for lack of
proficiency or because of a disciplinary
action involving aircraft operations, a
U.S. military pilot or former U.S. mili-
tary pilot may apply for an airline
transport pilot certificate with an air-
plane category multiengine class rat-
ing or an airline transport pilot certifi-
cate concurrently with a multiengine
airplane type rating with a minimum
of 750 hours of total time as a pilot if
the pilot presents:
(1) An official Form DD–214 (Certifi-
cate of Release or Discharge from Ac-
tive Duty) indicating that the person
was honorably discharged from the
U.S. Armed Forces or an official U.S.
Armed Forces record that shows the
pilot is currently serving in the U.S.
Armed Forces; and
(2) An official U.S. Armed Forces
record that shows the person graduated
from a U.S. Armed Forces under-
graduate pilot training school and re-
ceived a rating qualification as a mili-
tary pilot.
(b) A person may apply for an airline
transport pilot certificate with an air-
plane category multiengine class rat-
ing or an airline transport pilot certifi-
cate concurrently with a multiengine
airplane type rating with a minimum
of 1,000 hours of total time as a pilot if
the person:
(1) Holds a Bachelor’s degree with an
aviation major from an institution of
higher education, as defined in § 61.1,
that has been issued a letter of author-
ization by the Administrator under
§ 61.169;
(2) Completes 60 semester credit
hours of aviation and aviation-related
coursework that has been recognized
by the Administrator as coursework
designed to improve and enhance the
knowledge and skills of a person seek-
ing a career as a professional pilot;
(3) Holds a commercial pilot certifi-
cate with an airplane category and in-
strument rating if:
(i) The required ground training was
completed as part of an approved part
141 curriculum at the institution of
higher education; and
(ii) The required flight training was
completed as part of an approved part
141 curriculum at the institution of
higher education or at a part 141 pilot
school that has a training agreement
under § 141.26 of this chapter with the
institution of higher education; and
(4) Presents official transcripts or
other documentation acceptable to the
Administrator from the institution of
higher education certifying that the
graduate has satisfied the require-
ments in paragraphs (b)(1) through (3)
of this section.
(c) A person may apply for an airline
transport pilot certificate with an air-
plane category multiengine class rat-
ing or an airline transport pilot certifi-
cate concurrently with a multiengine
airplane type rating with a minimum
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