3/21/24 

Pilot/Controller Glossary 

VORTICES

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 Circular patterns of air created by the movement of an airfoil through the air when generating lift. 

As an airfoil moves through the atmosphere in sustained flight, an area of area of low pressure is created above 

it. The air flowing from the high pressure area to the low pressure area around and about the tips of the airfoil 

tends to roll up into two rapidly rotating vortices, cylindrical in shape. These vortices are the most predominant 

parts of aircraft wake turbulence and their rotational force is dependent upon the wing loading, gross weight, 

and speed of the generating aircraft. The vortices from medium to super aircraft can be of extremely high velocity 

and hazardous to smaller aircraft. 

(See AIRCRAFT CLASSES.) 
(See WAKE TURBULENCE.) 
(Refer to AIM.) 

VOT

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 A ground facility which emits a test signal to check VOR receiver accuracy. Some VOTs are available 

to the user while airborne, and others are limited to ground use only. 

(See CHART SUPPLEMENT.) 
(Refer to 14 CFR Part 91.) 
(Refer to AIM.) 

VR

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(See VFR MILITARY TRAINING ROUTES.) 

VSCS

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(See VOICE SWITCHING AND CONTROL SYSTEM.) 

VTOL AIRCRAFT

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(See VERTICAL TAKEOFF AND LANDING AIRCRAFT.) 

PCG V

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