AIM

4/20/23

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Surveillance Systems

Users of ADS

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B can provide valuable assistance in the correction of malfunctions by reporting instances of

undesirable system performance. Since ADS

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B performance is monitored by maintenance personnel rather than

ATC, report malfunctions to the nearest Flight Service Station (FSS) facility by radio or telephone, or by sending
an email to the ADS

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B help desk at adsb@faa.gov. Reports should include:

1.

Condition observed;

2.

Date and time of observation;

3.

Altitude and location of observation;

4.

Type and call sign of the aircraft; and

5.

Type and software version of avionics system.

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8. Traffic Information Service

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 Broadcast (TIS

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B)

a. Introduction

TIS

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B is the broadcast of ATC derived traffic information to ADS

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B equipped (1090ES or UAT) aircraft from

ground radio stations. The source of this traffic information is derived from ground

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based air traffic surveillance

sensors. TIS

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B service will be available throughout the NAS where there are both adequate surveillance

coverage from ground sensors and adequate broadcast coverage from ADS

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B ground radio stations. The quality

level of traffic information provided by TIS

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B is dependent upon the number and type of ground sensors

available as TIS

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B sources and the timeliness of the reported data. (See FIG 4

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9 and FIG 4

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10.)

b. TIS

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B Requirements.

In order to receive TIS

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B service, the following conditions must exist:

1.

Aircraft must be equipped with an ADS

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B transmitter/receiver or transceiver, and a cockpit display of

traffic information (CDTI).

2.

Aircraft must fly within the coverage volume of a compatible ground radio station that is configured for

TIS

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B uplinks. (Not all ground radio stations provide TIS

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B due to a lack of radar coverage or because a radar

feed is not available).

3.

Aircraft must be within the coverage of and detected by at least one ATC radar serving the ground radio

station in use.

c. TIS

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B Capabilities.

1.

TIS

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B is intended to provide ADS

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B equipped aircraft with a more complete traffic picture in situations

where not all nearby aircraft are equipped with ADS

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B Out. This advisory

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only application is intended to

enhance a pilot’s visual acquisition of other traffic.

2.

Only transponder

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equipped targets (i.e., Mode A/C or Mode S transponders) are transmitted through the

ATC ground system architecture. Current radar siting may result in limited radar surveillance coverage at lower
altitudes near some airports, with subsequently limited TIS

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B service volume coverage. If there is no radar

coverage in a given area, then there will be no TIS

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B coverage in that area.

d. TIS

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B Limitations.

1.

TIS

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B is NOT intended to be used as a collision avoidance system and does not relieve the pilot’s

responsibility to “see and avoid” other aircraft, in accordance with 14CFR §91.113b. TIS

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B must not be used

for avoidance maneuvers during times when there is no visual contact with the intruder aircraft. TIS

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B is

intended only to assist in the visual acquisition of other aircraft.

NOTE

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No aircraft avoidance maneuvers are authorized as a direct result of a TIS

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B target being displayed in the cockpit.

2.

While TIS

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B is a useful aid to visual traffic avoidance, its inherent system limitations must be understood

to ensure proper use.